Density Altitude Calculator

Calculate density altitude instantly from field elevation, temperature, and altimeter setting. Essential for safe flight planning in hot, high, and humid conditions.

°C

Common Scenarios

Click any scenario to load it into the calculator.

LocationElevTemp~DA
Denver, CO (KDEN)5,430 ft95°F9,121 ft
Phoenix, AZ (KPHX)1,135 ft115°F5,262 ft
Sea Level, Standard Day0 ft59°F0 ft
Leadville, CO (KLXV)9,934 ft75°F13,362 ft
Dallas, TX (KDAL) — Humid487 ft100°F3,852 ft

Density altitude is tested on every FAA written exam. Are you ready?

Try this sample question from the FAA Private Pilot Knowledge Test:

An airport at 6,000 ft elevation has an outside air temperature of 35°C and an altimeter setting of 29.80 inHg. What is the approximate density altitude?

Thousands of practice questions with detailed explanations, performance tracking, and smart review.

Start Free Trial

Frequently Asked Questions

What is density altitude?

Density altitude is the altitude at which the air density matches standard atmospheric conditions (ISA). It is the single most important performance indicator for any piston or turbine aircraft, because your engine and wings perform as if they were at that altitude — regardless of your actual elevation.

How is density altitude calculated?

Density altitude is calculated in three steps: (1) Pressure Altitude = Field Elevation + (29.92 - Altimeter Setting) x 1,000; (2) ISA Standard Temperature = 15°C - (PA x 0.00198); (3) Density Altitude = PA + 120 x (OAT - ISA Temp). Humidity can further increase density altitude.

Why does density altitude matter for pilots?

Higher density altitude means longer takeoff rolls, reduced climb rates, and decreased engine power. A Cessna 172 at sea level needs about 1,600 ft for takeoff; at 8,000 ft density altitude, it needs about 3,000 ft. Normally aspirated engines lose approximately 3% power per 1,000 ft of density altitude.

What are the three H's in aviation?

Pilots memorize the "three H's" as the recipe for dangerously high density altitude: Hot (high OAT reduces air density), High (higher elevation means less dense air), and Humid (water vapor displaces oxygen molecules). When all three combine, aircraft performance is severely degraded.

How does humidity affect density altitude?

Humid air is less dense than dry air because water vapor molecules are lighter than nitrogen and oxygen molecules. This calculator uses the dew point to estimate vapor pressure and apply a humidity correction. The effect can add several hundred feet to the density altitude on very humid days.

Understanding Density Altitude

On a hot summer day at Denver International Airport (5,430 ft elevation), the air can behave as if the aircraft is at 8,000 to 9,000 ft. That means longer takeoff rolls, reduced climb rates, and decreased engine power output.

The Density Altitude Formula

Step 1: Pressure Altitude

PA = Field Elevation + (29.92 - Altimeter Setting) x 1,000

Step 2: ISA Standard Temperature

ISA Temp = 15°C - (PA x 0.00198)

Step 3: Density Altitude

DA = PA + 120 x (OAT - ISA Temp)

Effects on Aircraft Performance

  • Takeoff distance: Higher density altitude = longer runway needed. A Cessna 172 at sea level needs ~1,600 ft; at 8,000 ft density altitude, it needs ~3,000 ft.
  • Climb rate: Rate of climb can drop 50% or more at high density altitudes.
  • Engine performance: Normally aspirated engines lose approximately 3% power per 1,000 ft of density altitude.
  • True airspeed vs. indicated: At high density altitudes, your true airspeed is higher than indicated, which means faster ground speeds on landing.

Related Pilot Tools

More free tools: Crosswind Calculator · E6B Flight Computer · Weight & Balance · Pressure Altitude · True Airspeed · Fuel Burn