Flight Planning & Monitoring

难度: Medium-High考试权重: High

概述

Flight Planning & Monitoring combines navigation knowledge with practical planning skills. It covers IFR flight planning, fuel planning, ETOPS operations, ATS flight plans, and in-flight fuel monitoring. This subject requires you to integrate knowledge from navigation, meteorology, and performance.

关键主题

IFR flight planning procedures
ATS flight plan format (ICAO)
Fuel planning: trip fuel, contingency, alternate, holding, taxi
Minimum fuel and Mayday fuel declarations
ETOPS planning and requirements
Point of No Return (PNR) calculations
Critical Point (CP/ETP) calculations
In-flight fuel monitoring techniques
Route selection and optimization
Computerized flight planning systems

学习建议

Work through complete flight plans end-to-end for real routes

Master fuel calculation categories — know what each component covers

Practice PNR and CP calculations with different wind scenarios

Understand ETOPS rules and how they affect route planning

Study actual ICAO flight plan forms to recognize each field

示例问题

1. Contingency fuel under EASA regulations is typically:

A. 3% of trip fuel

B. 5% of trip fuel or 5 minutes, whichever is greater✓ 正确

C. 10% of trip fuel

D. Fixed at 30 minutes of holding fuel

2. The Critical Point (CP) is the point along the route where:

A. Fuel reaches minimum reserves

B. It takes equal time to continue or return✓ 正确

C. The aircraft must begin descent

D. Communication with ATC is lost

3. What is the correct order of fuel burn sequence?

A. Taxi, trip, contingency, alternate, final reserve✓ 正确

B. Final reserve, alternate, contingency, trip, taxi

C. Trip, alternate, contingency, taxi, final reserve

D. Taxi, trip, alternate, contingency, final reserve

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